In this research work, montmorillonite/polyaniline/chitosan/platinum (MMT/PANI/CS/Pt) nanocomposite is used as an effective and novel catalyst for electrooxidation of ethanol. The glassy carbon electrode surface is coated with MMT/PANI and chitosan by applying a constant potential. Thereafter, the surface of the GCE is potentiostatically coated with platinum nanoparticles. The constructed electrode is referred to as: GCE/MMT/PANI/CS/Pt. The electrooxidation of ethanol molecules on the surface of MMT/PANI/CS/Pt electrode is studied using various electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results, indicate that the GCE/MMT/PANI/CS/Pt electrode possess a higher catalytic activity for ethanol electrooxidation compared to the GCE/Pt electrode. The Tafel plots indicate a better kinetic for ethanol electrooxidation in the presence of MMT/PANI/CS. The effect of various parameters on electrocatalytic oxidation of the ethanol molecules, such as the amount of platinum nanoparticles, MMT/PANI and ethanol concentration on the modified electrodes is investigated for electrooxidation of ethanol molecules using the GCE/MMT/PANI/CS/Pt electrode. The optimum conditions are obtained with 0. 011 mg cm-2 Pt nanoparticle, 0. 08 w/v% MMT/PANI and 1 M ethanol.

An integrated system has been designed for detection of gas, volatile liquid and liquids based on the concept of an electronic nose and an electronic tongue. The detection mechanism relies on the changes in electrical resistance that occurs when an array of microelectrodes, coated with conducting polymers, is exposed to different samples. The data collected from such resistance changes has been processed by an artificial intelligence trained computer in conjunction with pattern recognition data analysis to identify and quantify the chemicals of interests. Detection of pH and sodium chloride was considered as case studies for the electronic nose and tongue applications respectively. This integrated artificial intelligence/electronic nose and tongue can be further developed to detect colour (electronic eye) for display device applications.

An electrochemical potentiometric sensor was introduced for Fluoxetine (FLX) analysis in pharmaceutical formulations using conducting polymer coated on a solid-state contact. FLX is one of the antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. For this purpose, pyrrole was electrochemically polymerized on the surface of a solid contact made of graphite to form a thin layer of poly(pyrrole) (PPy). After this step, a thin layer of another polymeric composite composed of poly(vinyl chloride), dibutyl phthalate and ion-pair compound of FLX and phenyl borate was covered on the treated surface. The modified graphite rod was finally used as a working electrode in a potentiometric cell assembly. Linear concentration range of 1. 0×10− 6 to 1. 0×10− 3 mol L-1, lower detection limit of 6. 3×10− 7 mol L-1, 8s response time, and two months lifetime were the characterizations of the proposed sensor. Finally, FLX content of some pharmaceutical samples were analyzed by the prepared sensor accurately and precisely.

The development of membrane systems that are dynamic in structure can attribute a new dimension in separation technology. The paper presents separation of two inorganic acids (HNO3/H3PO4) using conducting polyaniline membrane. The inherent dynamic and controllable properties of the conducting polymers are used to exploit a new method of separation. In this method the transport of each species can be switched on/off during separation. The acids (HNO3/H3PO4) are successfully separated using the polyaniline membrane.

In this research, the preparation conducting polymer poly(O-Toluidine) emeraldine salt (ES) doped with HCL (POT/HCL) by oxidizing polymerization external doping by DBSA the effect of the solvent on the electrical characterization of Poly (O-toluidine) was studied. POT (EB) powder was completely dissolving in all solvents such as chloroform, formic acid, Toluene, and meta-cresol. The morphology and composition of POT were measured by SEM and EDX. Two-probe techniques were used to calculate electrical conductivity,an interdigitated finger electrode was used to measure electrical conductivity. The effect of temperatures on electrical conductivity was also studied to provide heating in the range of (303-373 K) and used to the found activation energy of (POT) in a different solvent.

New application of conducting polymers as stable nanocomposites for nitrate ion exchange materials in water and wastewater treatment and for environmental protection is introduced in this work. The nanocomposites of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with different polymers such as: polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPY), poly (1, 8-diaminonaphthalene) [P(1, 8-DAN)] and poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) were synthesized with different dopants as effective and reusable nanocomposites for nitrate removal from drinking water. Nitrate anions at toxic concentrations were removed from water using ion exchange mechanism without any toxic byproducts. The obtained results demonstrate that effective ion exchange occurs between NO3- and Cl-. There are some protonated heteroatoms in polymer chains that are bonded with anions of dopants and their counter ions in nanocomposites. These dopant anions on the =NH+- groups of polymers can be exchanged with NO3-in water. Adsorption of NO3- on polymer/MWCNTs nanocomposites showed dependency to some parameters. Different experimental parameters such as pH and temperature of the sample, polymers dopant, and the ratio of polymer to MWCNTs in nanocomposites affect the amount of nitrate removal. The highest removal efficiency was achieved at 1.20 g L-1 of PANI/MWCNTs (3:1) nanocomposite, pH = 6.5 and ambient temperature. After five successive cycles of nitrate removal, this parameter was still up to 70 % compared to the first run (up to 80 %).